People relishing tea, pakoras and other seasonal delicacies while enjoying the weather outside is common during the monsoon season, but so is the risk of contracting infections due to unhygienic or unsafe food and water.
The risk of certain diseases like dengue, malaria and leptospirosis increases during the monsoon. Another illness that sees a surge during the rainy days is typhoid, or typhoid fever, which is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. It usually spreads through the ingestion of contaminated food and water.
If not diagnosed and treated on time, the condition can also prove to be life-threatening. Hence, it becomes essential to watch out for warning signs of the disease.
Symptoms of typhoid
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), some common symptoms of typhoid are prolonged high fever, fatigue, nausea, headache, abdominal pain and constipation or diarrhoea, and in some cases, rashes.
If a person or their family members observe these symptoms, they should immediately contact a doctor to confirm the diagnosis through medical tests.
Risk factors
Poor sanitation and lack of access to safe food and drinking water are major risk factors of typhoid. Additionally, children are more at risk of contracting the infection.
Prevention tips
Typhoid is usually treated through antibiotics, and supportive care if required. However, one can reduce the risk of contracting the infection, especially during the monsoon season, through some simple steps.
The WHO lists the following prevention tips:
1. Ensure food is properly cooked and still hot when served.
2. Avoid raw milk. It is advisable to consume pasteurised or boiled milk.
3. Boil water before drinking, especially if its safety is questionable.
4. Wash fruits and vegetables before consuming.
5. Follow proper hand hygiene.
In June 2025, the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) had issued an advisory stating precautionary measures to protect oneself from monsoon-related diseases.
Also Read: BMC issues guidelines as Mumbai sees rise in Vector borne diseases in June
According to the health advisory, here are some steps that can be taken to prevent water-borne diseases like typhoid:
1. Avoid consuming street food.
2. Drink boiled water.
3. Wash hands or use hand sanitiser before eating.
Disclaimer: This is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Kindly consult a qualified medical professional for personalised guidance.